Astronomy Major

Program Director: Melissa Hayes-Gehrke, Ph.D.

Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe and its contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and other celestial objects. Astronomers not only study what the universe is like right now, but they seek to understand the origins and evolution of the universe and the objects within it.  At the University of Maryland, astronomers use a variety of tools, including telescopes (both ground-based and space-based) for imaging and spectroscopy, and other specialized instruments to study celestial objects as well as creating theoretical and computational models to better understand those objects.

The Astronomy Department offers courses leading to a Bachelor of Science in three specializations: Astrophysics, Astronomy - Data Science, and Astronomy - Physical Science.  The department also offers a series of courses of general interest to non-majors.  Astronomy majors are given a strong undergraduate preparation in astronomy, mathematics, and physics.  Our class sizes are small and all courses are led by our enthusiastic faculty, developing a strong peer community. The degree program is designed to prepare students for positions in government, industry laboratories, science communication, science policy, science education, or for graduate work in Astronomy or related fields. 

Program Objectives

The Department of Astronomy B.S. program educates majors toward achieving an understanding of modern astronomical concepts, applying physics and mathematics to astrophysical situations, and gaining experience in gathering and reducing data using astronomical instrumentation and computational tools. Completion of this program provides the opportunity for majors to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for graduate school or employment after graduation.

Program Learning Outcomes

  1. Use and explain fundamental concepts from the many areas of astronomy, including motions in the sky, gravity, electromagnetic radiation, solar system, stars, galaxies, and cosmology.
  2. Assess and solve unfamiliar problems in astrophysics using the knowledge and skills acquired in their astronomy, physics, and mathematics courses.
  3. Use astronomical telescopes/instruments and reduce astronomical data using modern computational methods.
  4. Summarize scientific literature and nuanced concepts, demonstrating in-depth knowledge in specific sub-fields corresponding to upper-level electives.
  5. Describe the current demographic composition of people working in the field of astronomy and how this affects its practice and presents barriers to broader inclusion.

Courses Required for All Specializations 

Course Title Credits
Required Introductory Astronomy Courses
ASTR130Introductory Astrophysics 1 - Foundations (Introductory Astrophysics 1 - Foundations)3
ASTR131Introductory Astrophysics 2 - Planets and Stars (Introductory Astrophysics 2 - Planets and Stars)3
ASTR232Introductory Astrophysics 3 - The Milky Way and Beyond (Introductory Astrophysics 3 - The Milky Way and Beyond)4
ASTR310Observational Astronomy4
Required Introductory Physics Courses
PHYS171Introductory Physics: Mechanics3
PHYS265Introduction to Scientific Programming 13
PHYS272Introductory Physics: Electricity and Magnetism3
PHYS273Intermediate Oscillations and Waves3
PHYS275Experimental Physics I: Mechanics and Waves2
PHYS276Experimental Physics II: Analog Circuits2
Supporting Mathematics Courses
MATH140Calculus I4
MATH141Calculus II4
MATH241Calculus III4
MATH243Introduction to Linear Algebra and Differential Equations 24
Specialization (see below)24-29
Total Credits70-75

Astrophysics Specialization

Course Title Credits
Advanced Astronomy Courses
ASTR320Theoretical Astrophysics3
Three of the following:9
Stellar Structure and Evolution
Radio Astronomy
Computational Astrophysics
Galaxies
Cosmology
The Solar System
Astrophysics of Exoplanets
Orbital Dynamics
High Energy Astrophysics
Three credits of: 33
Special Projects in Astronomy
Special Problems in Astronomy
Honors Seminar
ASTR086
(Experiential Learning)
Advanced Physics Courses0
PHYS313Electricity and Magnetism I4
PHYS371Modern Physics3
Two of the following:6-7
Quantum Physics I
Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics
Classical Mechanics
Total Credits28-29

Astronomy - Data Science Specialization

Course Title Credits
Advanced Astronomy Courses9
Three of the following: 4
Theoretical Astrophysics
Stellar Structure and Evolution
Radio Astronomy
Computational Astrophysics
Galaxies
Cosmology
The Solar System
Astrophysics of Exoplanets
Orbital Dynamics
High Energy Astrophysics
Special Problems in Astronomy 5
Advanced Data Science Courses
DATA320Introduction to Data Science 43
DATA350Data Visualization and Presentation 43
NOTE: Prerequisites are required in order to enroll in DATA320 and DATA350 (click on the course to see its prerequisites). The prerequisite courses align with the Data Science minor, although completing the Data Science minor is not required for this specialization.
Three of the following: 49
Applied Harmonic Analysis: An Introduction to Signal Processing
Linear Optimization
Transform Methods
Applied Probability and Statistics II
Introduction to Statistical Computing with SAS
Total Credits24

Astronomy - Physical Science Specialization

Course Title Credits
Advanced Astronomy Courses9
Three of the following: 4
Theoretical Astrophysics
Stellar Structure and Evolution
Radio Astronomy
Computational Astrophysics
Galaxies
Cosmology
The Solar System
Astrophysics of Exoplanets
Orbital Dynamics
High Energy Astrophysics
Special Problems in Astronomy 5
Complementary Science Courses9
Three of the following: 4
AOSC360
(How to solve the climate change problem?)
Introduction to the Blue Ocean
Climate Dynamics and Earth System Science
Atmospheric Thermodynamics
Dynamics of the Atmosphere and Ocean
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate
Air Pollution and Environmental Justice
Carbon Cycle and Climate: Past, Present, and Future
Cell Biology and Physiology (Cell Biology and Physiology)
Principles of Ecology
Microbial Ecology
Ecosystem Health and Protection
Ecosystem Ecology
Energy and Environment
Renewable Energy
Emerging Environmental Threats
Water Management in Urban Environment
Advanced Geographical Environmental Systems
Geographic Information Systems
Land Use, Climate Change, and Sustainability
Land Cover Characterization Using Multi-Spectral Remotely Sensed Data Sets
Mineralogy
Geomorphology
Structural Geology
Geology of the Terrestrial Planets
Geophysics
Seismology
Active Tectonics
Societal Implications/Communication/Science Applications6
Choose one course from two of the following three groups (two courses total): 4
Societal Implications (Group 1)
Global Poverty and Economic Development
World Hunger, Population, and Food Supplies
Every Drop Counts: Water, Food and Global Public Health
Introduction to Environmental Politics
Geographic Information Systems for Redistricting
Introduction to Geographic Information Systems for Social Science Research
GVPT393
People and the Environment
Sustainability
Innovation and Social Change: Do Good Now
Communication (Group 2)
Environmental Communication
Foundations of Public Dialogue and Deliberation
Social Media & Digital Culture
Influence
COMM459C
(Special Topics in Science Communication: Misinformation, Society, and Science Communication (3))
Persuasion
COMM498R
(Risk Communication (3))
Visual Rhetoric
Writing for Change
Writing for Non-Profit Organizations
Writing Non-Fictional Narratives
Writing About the Environment
Digital Rhetoric
Writing Genres as Social Action
Science Applications (Group 3)
Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Ocean
Machine Learning in Earth Science
Mathematical Modeling in Biology
Artificial Intelligence for Spatial Data
Polar Remote Sensing
Remote Sensing: Digital Processing and Analysis
Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis
Geographic Visualization and Digital Mapping
Observational Geophysics
Applications of Linear Algebra
Partial Differential Equations
Introduction to Data Science and Machine Learning
Total Credits24
  • All of the above courses must be completed with a C- or better.
  • Astronomy majors may not minor in Physics. Astronomy majors who choose the BS Astrophysics Specialization may double-major in one of the Physics specializations.
  • Astronomy majors who choose the BS Astrophysics Specialization or the BS Astronomy - Physical Science Specialization may double-major in Computer Science.
  • Once a student has begun the Astronomy major at the University of Maryland, no more than one course at the 300/400-level from a "study abroad" type program may be used in place of a ASTR-prefix course required for the major.
1

For students with extensive experience with computer programming, this course can be replaced by PHYS474 (Computational Physics) or ASTR415 (Computational Astrophysics). If students complete ASTR415 for this requirement, it cannot be counted as an Advanced Astronomy Course requirement.

2

MATH240 and MATH246 may be substituted for MATH243.

3

ASTR399 and ASTR086 require special permission of the Astronomy advisor. ASTR086 may be used if a student has completed a suitable paid summer internship. In this case, the student must complete an additional 300/400-level Astronomy or Physics major course, since ASTR086 is 0 credits.

4

Students are required to adhere to the prerequisites for all courses.

5

ASTR498 for the Astronomy - Data Science Specialization and for the Astronomy - Physical Science Specialization must be approved by the Astronomy advisor. At least 3 credits must be completed over 1 or more semesters.

Click here for roadmaps for graduation plans in the College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences.

Additional information on developing a graduation plan can be found on the following pages: